Parabolic concrete compression response with tension cracking and symmetric elastic-plastic reinforcing steel.
These are the stress-strain laws used by the section solver. Read left and down as tension, and right and up as compression.
Concretetension - / compression +
Tension cracking
-3.4 MPa at strain -1.13e-4
Peak compression
32 MPa at strain 0.002
Crushing limit
32 MPa at strain 0.0035
Concrete carries tension only to fct, then its tensile stress drops to zero. In compression it rises parabolically to fc at the peak strain and remains at fc to the entered ultimate strain.
Longitudinal steeltension - / compression +
Yield strain
500 MPa at strain 0.0025
Fracture limit
500 MPa at strain 0.05
Steel is linear-elastic to fy at strain fy / Es, then remains on an elastic-plastic plateau until the entered fracture strain.
Linear no-tension / ultimate family: transformed and uncracked results use the entered elastic moduli; cracked/service response removes concrete tension, and P-M uses the reported parabolic ultimate compression profile.
Sampled parabolic service family: M-κ and selected-state response use parabolic compression with linear concrete tension up to fct, followed by loss of tensile stress.